QTc and QTd intervals in patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by peripheral sensory neuropathy

QT interval reflects depolarization and repolarization of the left ventricle, both QT interval and QT dispersion in surface 12 leads ECG of diabetic patients increase with progression of cardiac autonomic neuropathy [CAN] and this may lead to increase risk of dangerous dysrhythmias, it was found that there was association of this phenomenon with other complications of diabetes as ischemic heart disease and microalbuminuria. To asses the relation of QTc and QTd to age, duration of disease, gender, body mass index [BMI], and to presence of peripheral distal symmetrical sensory neuropathy. A longtudinal study of 38 diabetic patients type 2 complaining of distal sensory neuropathy, 12 leads ECG done for all and QTc and QTd are measured with classical method, data collected from patients about age, gender, duration of diabetes and their weight and high for body mass index [BMI]. The result of this study declare that the sample mean age is 46.18 years, mean duration of diabetes is 8.5 years, 57.9% are female, 42.1% male and 60% of them had BMI above 25 kg/m2. 31.6% of the patients had prolong QTc and 42.1% had prolong QTd. 50% of those over 50 years had prolond QTc and 85% of those over 40 years had prolong QTd inspite of that relation of prolongation to age is not significant statistically [P more than 0.05], while the relation of QT intervals to duration of disease is significant statistically, female gender show clear association to prolongation of both QTc and QTd which is significant statistically [P less than 0.05] and inspite of the relation of prolongation of QT intervals to increase in BMI but was not significant statistically. QTc and QTd prolongation is more common in diabetics who is complaining of symmetrical peripheral sensory neuropathy specially if duration of diabetes is more than 5 years and more in females than males

Oral carriage rate of candida species in diabetic patients

It is well known that oral carriage of Candida species increase in many situations, like obesity, debility, leukemia, viral infection, use of certain drugs in addition to diabetes mellitus. Find the relation between diabetes and its control on oral carriage of Candida. Thirty four hundred oral swabs from diabetic patients 67% are females and 33% are males, 41.7% are type 1 diabetes and 58.3% are type 2.different culture media are used. We found that 37.9% of diabetics had oral carriage, older age group had more but the difference is not significant statistically P>0.05, in addition females carry more Candida than males P<0.05, while type of diabetes had no effect on oral carriage we found that control of diabetes had significant effect P<0.01. There is high carriage rate of Candida species in oral cavity of diabetic patients 37.9%, the rate of carriage increase in females and those with poor control. Candida albicans is the most common type with all the associated factors

Oral carriage rate of Candida species in diabetic patients

It is well known that diabetes is one of the predisposing factors, which affect the oral carriage rate of Candida species, in this paper we try to study the size of this problem. A total of 340 oral swabs from diabetic patients [type l and 2], 67% females and 33% males taken, results show that 37.9% of those had isolates of Candida species older patients had higher carriage rate but is not significant statistically [P>0.05]. Females had higher carriage raw [P<0.0l] possibly due to hormonal difference no difference found between type 1 and 2 of diabetes [P>0.05]. Those with poor control had higher carriage rate than those with good control [P<0.01]. In this study we see that being diabetic, female, with poor control had high chance to had oral carriage of Candida especially of albicans type